The sea ice has an important influence on the vertical distribution of Marine hydrological elements, the movement of seawater, the heat of the ocean and the formation of the bottom water of the ocean. It also threats shipping and construction of ports.
In the Bohai and the north of the Yellow Sea, there are different degrees of freezing in winter each year and the line of ice is parallel to the shoreline. The permanent ice age is about 3~4 months and the ice age is 0.2 ~ 2 km wide. The northern part of the ice thickness is 20 ~ 40cm and the south is 10~ 30cm, which has little influence on the development of navigation and Marine resources.
On April 14, 1912, 45, 000 tons of the Titanic, a large luxury cruise ship, hit an iceberg and was destroyed, killing more than 1,500 people. It was one of the greatest sea ice disasters of the 20th century.
From Febrary to March of 1969, Bohai sea in China occurred serious icebound, everywhere was covered by ice except areas near the straits' tidal sea. Besides, almost all ports froze, waterway blocked, offshore oil drilling platforms in ice was pulled down, sea ship was damaged by ice, ice ton cargo ship was hijacked and drifted for 4 days and almost all maritime activities stopped.
During Great ice age in Bohai, 41 meters in diameter, 0.85 meters long, and 28 meters of a hollow cylinder pile that is made of manganese steel plate that is by 15 root 2.2 cm thick and that formed “Haierjing” oil platform was destroyed by the flow ice. Another tiepieces of 500 tonnes of “Haiyijing” platform support are all cut by the sea ice so as you can see, visible damage of sea ice to the ship and ocean engineering construction disasters is really serious.
Antarctica is the world's largest natural icebox, with more than 90 percent of the world's ice and snow here. Icebergs near Antarctica are broken into the sea by glaciers around the continent. Icebergs that appear in the waters of the southern hemisphere are much larger than those in the northern hemisphere, often with hundreds of kilometres width and hundreds of metres height, like an Iceland.
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