Usually buildings are firmly connected together with the foundation, and the energy carried by the seismic waves is transmitted to the superstructure through the foundatio.The energy entering the superstructure is converted into the kinetic energy and deformation energy of the structure. In this process, when the total deformation of the structure exceeds the bearing capacity of the structure itself, the building will be destroyed or even collapsed.
The research and application of structural isolation and damping methods began in the 1960s and had been developed rapidly since the 1970s. This kind of active structure seismic method has the following advantages compared with the traditional passive seismic method:
① It greatly reduced the structural effects of the earthquake, which can reduce the structural cost, and improve the reliability of structural seismic. In addition, the isolation method can more accurately for controlling the transmission to the structure of the largest earthquake, thus overcoming the design of structural components is difficult to accurately determine the load difficulties.
② It greatly reduced the deformation of the structure under the action of the earthquake to ensure that non-structural components from earthquake damage, thereby reducing post-earthquake maintenance costs. For typical modern buildings, the cost of non-structural components (such as glass curtain walls, finishes, utilities, etc.) is even more than 80% of the total cost of the whole house.
③ isolation, shock absorber even after the earthquake caused a large permanent deformation or damage, the reset, replace, repair structural components convenient and economical.
④ for high-tech precision machining equipment, nuclear industrial equipment and other structures, can only use isolation, shock absorption method to meet the stringent seismic requirements.
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