Development trend and Prospect
1.Strengthen the research on GIS application specifications and standards
In practice, the application and development of GIS are basically developed independently by each department according to the specific production and scientific research needs. Due to the lack of a complete technical specification and standard, the diversification of development platform and data format has brought great difficulties to information exchange and sharing. In China, although the pilot work of industry norms has begun, there are still problems of consistency with national norms. Therefore, GIS application planning and standard research should be strengthened.
2.Establishment of hydrological and water resources geospatial database
Spatial database is the core of the system and the basis of decision-making. Therefore, on the basis of strengthening the standardization and standardization of GIS application, we must vigorously carry out the construction of basic data database, especially the databases with characteristics in the field of hydrology and water resources, such as rain and water regime database, flood and drought disaster database, spatial distribution socio-economic database of flood storage and detention area, etc. In addition, the database also includes the basic data of natural resources and socio-economic environment in the basin. The data collection of the database shall be comprehensive, accurate and updated in time.
3.Establishment of hydrological and water resources spatial decision support system
Spatial decision support system (SDSS) is a new information system developed on the basis of the combination of conventional decision support system and GIS in recent years. Due to the great difficulty of its development and the need for a large number of human and financial resources, it must concentrate financial resources to ensure the key points, distribute and implement them, and promote them when they are mature. According to the current situation of our country, the flood control decision support system of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River and the water resources dispatching system of the Yellow River are urgent, which should be established and gradually improved as a priority.
4.GIS VS hydrological and water resources professional model integration
In some current hydrological and water resources professional models, although most GIS has strong data storage, management, input and output functions for hydrological and water resources information, it is mainly data-centered, and is far from enough in the ability to express hydrogeological space, spatial analysis of hydrological phenomena and support decision-making, especially based on GIS RS distributed hydrological model. How to gradually transition the existing calculation methods and software to grid as the calculation spatial data management function, and realize the integration of hydrological and water resources professional model and GIS is the focus of future research.
5.The field of hydrology and water resources requires GIS to develop in a multi-dimensional direction
Since the change process of hydrology and water resources has obvious temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics, it is necessary to develop GIS software that can realize three-dimensional and four-dimensional spatial analysis and display functions. At present, only a small amount of GIS software can perform true three-dimensional analysis, such as IVM, SGM, GRASS systems, etc., but they have insufficient geometric modeling and analysis functions.With the advancement of computer and space technology and the development requirements in the field of hydrology and water resources, GIS will move from an independent system to compatibility and integration, and from two-dimensional to multi-dimensional.
Epilogue
The application of GIS has promoted the development of the field of hydrology and water resources. In turn, the demand for GIS in the field of hydrology and water resources has accelerated the upgrading of GIS. With the advancement of technology and changes in social needs, hydrology, water resources and geographic information systems have The meaning will change accordingly.
With the introduction of "digital water conservancy" and the transformation from engineering water conservancy to resource water conservancy, traditional water conservancy to modern water conservancy and sustainable development of water conservancy, water conservancy informatization is the only way. It can be seen that the application prospects of close integration of GIS and hydrology and water resources research will be very broad.
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