1.Wheat field management measures
Wheat is vulnerable to rainstorm and gale during grain filling and wax ripening. The management measures for wheat lodging after disaster are as follows:
(1)Lodging during grouting. Timely spray insecticides, fungicides and plant growth regulators, and apply foliar fertilizer to prevent diseases and pests in the later stage of wheat and quickly restore wheat growth and grain filling.
(2)Waxy period lodging. For fields with small area, organize manpower to bind and straighten them in the way of "braiding"，the wheat bales should not be too large and too tight, gently support and bind them to prevent grain falling off. For large plots, the harvester shall harvest in a straight line as far as possible to prevent rolling the surrounding wheat; During harvesting, reduce the forward speed of the harvester and the height of the header to ensure the net cutting rate, and properly adjust the wind force, wind direction and screen box opening of the harvester.
2.Corn field management measures
Corn growth enters the big bell mouth stage, which is easily affected by rainstorm and gale. Sufficient precipitation is beneficial to corn growth, but excessive precipitation is easy to cause imbalance between nutritional growth and reproductive growth, resulting in corn lodging or stem breakage. Targeted management measures are as follows:
(1)Timely drainage. Reduce soil and air humidity, promote plant growth, and prevent heavy rainfall in the later stage, resulting in the accumulation of excessive precipitation in the corn field and the hidden danger of serious lodging of corn in a large area.
(2)Hoe deeply to disperse the surface moisture. Improve soil permeability to prevent soil hardening and ground temperature decline, which will affect the normal growth of maize roots. Rhizosphere is often suffocated and necrotic due to hypoxia, resulting in rapid decline of vitality and premature withering of plants, which has a great impact on maize yield.
(3)Manage lodging corn. First, the corn lying down before maturity should be lifted in time to avoid mutual pressure and affect photosynthesis. Second, for inverted corn, if only the root is inverted, straighten the plant; If the stem is broken, several plants should be tied together to support each other. Third, if the plant height is too long, it can be raised manually.
(4)Timely remove diseased plants and residual leaves, reduce disease and insect sources, and use drugs scientifically to prevent and control diseases and pests. Timely and appropriate fertilization and strengthening field management to improve seedling condition.
3.Cotton field management measures
More windy and rainy weather will lead to Cotton falling leaves, flowers and bolls. Targeted management measures are as follows:
(1)After the heavy rain, the accumulated water in the cotton field shall be drained in time and the intercropping shall be carried out, the depth of intercropping is about 10cm, so as to protect the roots of cotton plants and reduce the field humidity.
(2)Manually push the plants together, increase the ventilation and light transmission of the cotton field, timely wipe out the vegetative buds on the upper part, and remove the old leaves on the lower part of the main stem, so as to prevent the falling flowers and bolls, and the decay of peach before lodging, which is conducive to the boll opening.
(3)Protect the leaves as much as possible and prolong the light and function of the leaves, according to the growth of the cotton field, spray foliar fertilizer on the early aging cotton field to promote the weak to strong, and spray ketamine on the prosperous cotton field to promote flowers and bolls.
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