In foreign countries, the definition of emergency capacity made by the north Carolina emergency management sub-bureau is considered the most representative. It believes that the emergency capability is the ability of local governments to take effective measures to reduce the casualties and economic losses caused by natural disasters. And it also explains that the ability is not only the capacity of local governments at all levels. To carry out the capacity evaluation, we need to take into account the five aspects of legal system, system, administration, finance and technology.
In China, with the establishment and development of the disaster emergency system, the formulation of urban disaster emergency capability has been developed. Wang Shaoyu put forward that the urban disaster emergency capacity is mainly decided by the city's natural conditions and the capacity of people and system under the condition of the disasters, which further illustrates that the emergency ability refers to that the elements such as human, science and technology, organization, institutions and resources in the cities should play a positive role to enhance its ability to respond to disasters. Urban disaster emergency capability is a comprehensive concept which includes natural and social factors, hardware and software facilities, talents and institutional resources, engineering and organizational capabilities, etc. The level of urban natural disaster emergency capability also reflects the degree of sustainable development of modern cities.
Jian-hua Gu thinks that emergency ability is based on the rule of law, science and technology and the public emergency management ability, and to take administrative measures to deal with all kinds of emergencies, in order to reduce casualties and property losses as well as ensure the normal and stable operation in society.
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