1.Technical measures after cold wave
Cotton field management measures
The end of May is a critical period for cotton seedling management. Cotton has basically passed the seedling stage and is vulnerable to cold waves and wind disasters. Frost and wind damage on seedlings will seriously affect the growth of crop seedlings. The targeted management measures are as follows:
（1）Timely cultivating. After the rain, cultivating and loosening the soil in time to increase the ground temperature, reduce the impact of low temperature, improve soil aeration, avoid crop root rot, promote root growth, promote early seedlings, and cultivate strong seedlings.
（2）Timely prevention and control of diseases. After the cold wave, the various tissues of crop seedlings have been damaged to varying degrees, so diseases are more likely to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of blight and other diseases to avoid the impact of diseases.
（3）Seal the hole in time and hit the soil ridge to protect the film. One is to prevent the cold air from harming the crop seedlings through the open holes, and the other is to prevent the soil at the planting holes from becoming hard after low temperature, resulting in weak and stiff cotton seedlings. Lay new mulch film in combination with manual work, and make small soil ridges vertically spaced from the film row to prevent strong winds.
（4）Check seedlings and replant. Seedlings and replanting shall be carried out as appropriate according to the disaster situation, or other timely varieties or crops shall be re-broadcasted in a timely manner.
（5）Foliar fertilization. After the cotton seedlings have been devastated by strong winds, foliar nutrition should be supplemented in time. Brassin + potassium dihydrogen phosphate + humic acid fertilizers should be sprayed on the foliar surface, and replanted as appropriate while remediating.
（6）Avoid lodging. Pay attention to the weather forecast and do not irrigate before strong winds to avoid yield reduction due to plant lodging.
2.Technical measures after high temperature and drought
Wheat field management measures
For wheat fields that have not been irrigated in winter or have thin snow cover, the risk of safe wintering is high and the drought in spring is serious. Targeted management measures:
（1）For the wheat seedlings affected by drought, organize watering as soon as possible to ensure that the seedlings do not die.
（2）For the first- and second-class seedlings, apply jointing fertilizer early, and spray foliar fertilizer to speed up the transformation and upgrading of the seedlings. In case of rain, urea can be applied while it is raining.
Cornfield Management Measures
The corn tasseling and silking period is the most sensitive period to high temperature and moisture. Special attention should be paid to preventing drought and high temperature heat damage, and the following main measures should be taken:
（1）Timely irrigate to cool down and protect seedlings, reduce field temperature, and prevent high-temperature heat damage. It is recommended to promote water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation.
（2）After irrigation, cultivating and cultivating soil in time to reduce water evaporation.
（3）Foliar spraying of fertilizers and drought-resistant agents. Use potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid anti-drought agent, etc. to cool and humidify to improve drought resistance.
（4）Manually assisted pollination. During periods of high temperature and drought, the natural dispersal, pollination and fertilization capacity of maize decreased. It is recommended to use artificially assisted pollination between 8 and 10 in the morning to increase the seed setting rate.
3.Departmental linkage to provide technical services for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief
The agricultural technology extension department should guide the farmers to do a good job in agricultural technology consultation, business guidance, and follow-up services. In particular, according to the climatic characteristics, early arrangements should be made for replanting and reseeding crop cultivation technical guidance to ensure disaster prevention and mitigation to the greatest extent.The plant protection department should do a good job in the prediction and forecasting of post-disaster diseases, insects and weeds, and guide farmers to carry out the implementation of integrated pest control technology; the soil and fertilizer department should strengthen the monitoring of soil temperature and humidity in the disaster-stricken plots, and guide farmers to carry out replanting and replanting in a timely manner. , to provide classified guidance for water and fertilizer management of disaster-stricken crops.
4.Strengthen leadership to ensure disaster prevention, mitigation and relief technologies are in place
The first is to strengthen leadership. After a major natural disaster occurs, the technical working group for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief should promptly report technical measures for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief, epidemic reports, and work suggestions to the leaders of relevant departments, so as to actively organize forces to carry out guidance on disaster relief work and service. The second is to implement the system of division of labor among leaders in disaster prevention and mitigation, dispatching technicians to go deep into the disaster area as soon as possible after the disaster, do a good job in disaster investigation and analysis of the impact on major crops, give full play to their own work advantages, provide face-to-face guidance on disaster prevention and mitigation, and implement production self-rescue measures. Various measures have been taken to improve the availability of various disaster reduction and relief technologies, strive to solve problems for the affected people, do more practical things, help farmers resume production, and ensure the smooth completion of the annual agricultural production target.
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