There are seven cities with more than one million population, they are Shenyang, Dalian, Anshan, Fushun, Changchun, ,Qiqihaer and Haerbin, four of them located in Ha-Da railway line which penetrate Northeast China area and being the center of industry, transport, trade, economic and information. There are 10 cities with 500 thouand to 1000 thouand population, they are Benxi, Dandong, Jinzhou, Fuxin, Jilin, Mudanjiang, Quegang, Daqing, Jixi and Yichun, these cities have some strengh in industry but also facing problems such as flood protection and insufficient water resources.
Northeast China was built at the very beginning as an industrial base mainly about heavy indusry. Since the establishment of PRC, industrial base with good infrastructure, depending on steel, coal, mechanical, energy, oil, chemical, automobiel and timber industry, gross industrial output value was 126.38 billion in 1985, taking up 15.2 % of national output, 19.9 % of heavy industrial and 10.4 % in light industrial. According to the statistics of 1985, there were 57.2 thousand industrial enterprise in this area, 394 of them were large-lot producers, 876 of them were medium-sized enterprises. Among all these industrial enterprises, Anshan and Benxi were steel bases, and Anshan had a nickname of "City of Steel", Fushun, Hegang, Jixi, Fuxin, Liaoyuan, Shuangyashan and Huolinhe of Inner Mongolia were famous coal mines, Fushun was called "City of Coal". Machine tool in Shenyang, heavy machinery in Qiqihaer, electric machinery and boiler manufacture in Haerbin, large oilfield in Daqing and Liaohe, chemical in Jilin city, automobile and tractor in Changchun, textile and other industries in Liaoyang and Yingkou, they were the pillar industries in Northeast China and also the important industrial bases in China.
After the establishment of PRC, the allocation of productive force was resonable in the main, but there was also the uneven distribution about economic development. Based on the center cities and the advantages or features of some cities, it can be devided into ten economic districs of different development level.
(1) Coastal economic zone centralised by Dalian and including Dandong, Yingkou, Panjing and some other cities.
(2) Central economic zone of Lianing province with Shenyang as the corn and including Anshan, Fushun, Benxi and some other cities.
(3) Central economic zone of Jilin province with Changchun as the corn and including Siping, Jilin city, Liaoyuan and some other cities.
(4) Western economic zone of Jilin province consists of Songyuan, Baicheng,Taonan cities.
(5) Central economic zone of Heilongjiang province consists of Haerbin city, Daqing and some other cities.
(6) Sanjiang Plain economic zone including Jiamusi city, Mudanjiang city and some other cities.
(7) Northwestern economic zone of Heilongjiang province mainly in Qiqihaer.
(8) Eastern economic zone of Eastern Inner Mongolia consists of Chifeng city, Tongliao city, Wulanhaote city, Hailaer and soe other cities.
(9) Western economic zone including Jinxi, Fuxin, Chaoyang with the corn of Jinzhou.
(10) Eastern economic zones of Jilin province including Yanji, Huichun and some other cities. Among these economic zones, some of which enjoy a good industrial fundamental, some of which have rich resouces, will be the essence of further economic development of Northeast China.
Transportation network consists of railway, highway, sea transportation and aviation has been built since the establishment of PRC. Mileage of railway operation reaches to 18.8 thousand kilometers, mileage of highway is 120 thousand kilometers, which make this area has the highest railway distribution density, Dalian port, whose cargo throughput ranks the sencond of the country. As for inland water transport, the main stream of Liao River, and its tributary: Hun River and Taizi River in the south part used to be navigable river historically, but did not work due to channel siltation and railway construction. The main stream and tributary of Songhuajiang, Heilongjiang and Wusulijiang in the North Heilongjiang province, the navigable capacity was 600 tons to 1000 tons of ship and 2000 tons to 4000 tons of fleet from 1985 , and almost 210 days a year. In 1985, the inland river freight volume was 4.15 million, and the passenger traffic was 1.42 million person.
The information is provided from Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service.
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