In recent years, the weather in south of China changes anomaly, especially in the second half year of 2009 and the first half of 2010 when the drought lasted for a long time in the south western region of China(Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan and Chongqing). The hot and drought weather does not occur even in a hundred years. There is a serious shortage of available water supply. Many water resources have dried up. The acute and longtime shortage of water resources makes the land surface cracking and also leads the lack of moisture in the soil, resulting in a large amount of the crops dead or even harvesting nothing. The large water evaporation of rivers and lakes made the rivers discontinuous and the lakes dry up. In this case, many problems occurred. For example, many people and animals have difficulty in drinking water,and the crops suffer from the drought seriously, meanwhile, the fire disasters break out more frequently, etc.
It has caused serious economic losses. In order to effectively prevent the attacks caused by the abnormal climate in the five southwestern provinces as well as other regions throughout the nation, control and reduce crop losses in disaster area, reduce people's direct economic loss, and fully exert macro regulation disaster relief measures created by each-level governments, we designed drought-resistant and flood prevention GIS for the five southwestern provinces.
Government departments and each-level commanders can make a reasonable forecast, prevention, and direction on the possible disasters by using our GIS, and can make a reasonable solution to prevent and control the situation in time in the disaster areas. Meanwhile, this GIS can help to improve management level on drought-resistant and flood- prevention, and also overcome the shortage of the traditional "telephone——labor" method which is slow, inefficient and can't meet the demand that information on drought-resistant and flood-prevention should be "quick, efficient, immediate, accurate, and reliable".
To quickly master drought severity and dynamic information for flood, conduct a disaster relief of drought and flood in a scientific method, and avoid or reduce the losses caused by the disasters, it is an important and essential job for drought resistant and flood-prevention management no matter in the present or afterwards to establish a modern information management system which can implement real-time monitoring and drought-resistant and flood-prevention.
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