Songliao River Basin refers to northeast China in general, including 3 provinces: Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and 4 cities in eastern Inner Mongolia and some parts of Chengde City in Hebei Province.
Songliao River Basin has a total area of 1,249,200 square km2, surrounded by mountains on west, north and east sides, with Bohai sea and Huanghai sea on its south. Liaohe Plains and Songnen Plains formed at its middle part and Sanjiang Plains formed at its northeast part.
The Songliao River Basin is in the position of the belt of prevailing westerlies of high latitude, thus it has a feature of westerlies climate while its northeastern part has a more obvious feature of continental climate (Temperate Continental Monsoon Climate). Winters are freezing cold and particularly long there, and summers are warm and moist and of lots of rains. Extratropical climate can also be found there.
Main rivers in the basin are Liao River, Songhua River, Heilong River, Wusuli River, Suifen River, Tumen River, Yalu River and others, among which Heilong River, Wusuli River, Suifen River, Tumen River and Yalu River are international rivers.
The gross amount of water resources of Songliao Basin is 199 billion m3. Surface water accounts for 170.4 billion m3, underground water 68.08 billion m3 . The usable amount of surface water is 71.107 billion 3 and the exploitable amount of underground water in plains area is 29.87 billion3.
The world-famous black soil belt locates in the Northeast China plains: Sanjiang plains, Songnen Plains and Liaohe Plains. They are smooth plains and very fertile. There are various good conditions for agriculture: abundant rainfall, suitable climate, and adequate illumination.
There are more than a hundred of proven mineral resources in the basin, among which the output of petroleum, oil shale, borax, and talcom accounts for a half of domestic output. There’s an abundant amount of petro and oil shale in the basin. Execpt for Daqing oil field, Fuyu and Qianguo in Jilin Province also abound in petro and natural gas. Liaohe oil field is an important part of Bohai bay oil and gas region, which is 12,400 square km. The coal reserves are also abundant in the basin, accounting for 1/10 of the domestic coal reserves.
Songliao Basin not only has several big modern cities, such as Harbin, Changchun, Dalian, and also has various places of interest, such as Mausoleum of Genghis Khan and Mukden Palace. In the basin, natural scenes are splendid as well. For example, the Jingpo Lake, Rime island, the Wudalianchi Scenic Area, the Changbaishan lake, Qianshan Mountains, the Hulunbeir Grassland and several natural reserves(Zhalong, Xianghai, Momoge, etc.).
The Songliao Basin is a multi-ethnic community. Han nationality is the major ethnic group, and there are 43 minorities in the community, such as Manchu people, Mogolian people, Hui people, Korean nationality, Xibo nationality, etc. Among the 43 minorities, Hezhen, Oroqen, Daur and Khalkhas people are the distinctive ones, while Manchu people, Mogolian people, Hui people, Korean nationality have their own local features.
Comment list ( 0 )
