Land degradation is an important ecological and environmental problem facing the whole world. It is also one of the indicators of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs for 2030. Mongolia is a hotspot area of global land degradation, which has long been affected by drought, grassland degradation and desertification. The increasingly serious land degradation problem in Mongolia has a direct impact on the ecosystem of the entire Mongolian plateau and its adjacent regions.
The purpose of this field work is to recognize the geographical features of typical research area, estimate the grassland yield, measure the temperature, moisture and salinity of soil, verify the results of desertification information extraction, and have valuable discussions. Field work pictures are shown below.
The field work team consists of 6 Chinese and 1 Mongolian, and the Mongolian staff is Professor Davaadorj from Mongolia National University. The field work began in Ulaanbaatar, and firstly headed north to the cities of Erdant, Darhan and Sukhbaatar (the border city between Russia and Mongolia). Then along the China-Mongolia railway all the way to the south, through Joey, Sainshand, arrived in Zamiin-Uud ((the border city between China and Mongolia). It is routed to 7 provinces of Mongolia, including Ulaanbaatar, TOV, Orkhon, Selenge, Dundgovi, Govisumber and Dornogovi province, the whole journey is about 1800 kilometers.
A total of 74 sample data (including land cover verification, grass yield, soil temperature, moisture and other data) were collected in this field work. More than 610 pictures (4.68 GB) were taken of camera, including terrain, landform, folk custom, vegetation and animal. And there were 998 pictures taken by drones, totaling 10.8 GB.
By this field work, we found that the land cover types along the China-Mongolian railway (Mongolian section) generally showed the distribution trend of forests, real steppe, desert steppe and barren from north to south. It is similar to the distribution trend of land cover types in the current land cover interpretation results, but the specific distribution range is different from the current land cover interpretation results. In general, the grass yield on the east side of China-Mongolia railway is richer than that on the west side. From east to west, the grass yield gradually decreases, that is, the desertification degree in the east is lighter than that in the west. At the same time, land degradation gradually increased from north to south. Among them, the land degradation in Darhan and Ulaanbaatar, which are located in the north along the China-Mongolian railway, is obvious due to the surge of agricultural land and rapid urbanization.
This field work enhanced the exchanges and cooperation between China and Mongolia, accumulated field survey data for the study on land degradation in the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor, and promoted the prevention and control of land degradation risk and decision-making support in the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor.
Provided by the IKCEST Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service System
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