Spatio-temporal Distribution of Major Historical Disasters in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor ( )

The knowledge service application is to diagnose the pattern and change of desertification along the China-Mongolia railway (Mongolia section) from 1990 to 2015. The natural geography of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor is complex and diverse, the ecological environment is fragile and sensitive, and desertification is a serious problem. Its impact on the main traffic trunk lines between China and Mongolia is still unclear, which brings risks and challenges to the infrastructure construction of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor. This knowledge applied the object-oriented remote sensing image interpretation method to obtain the desertification data with a resolution of 30 meters within 200 kilometers on both sides of the China-Mongolian railway (Mongolia section) in 1990, 2010 and 2015 for the first time. We analyzed the patterns and changes of desertification from 1990 to 2010 and from 1990 to 2015. And we found the driving forces leading to the changes. The results show that by 2015, desertification land types along the China-Mongolia railway (Mongolia section) accounted for 47.49% of the total area. At the same time, the distribution of desertification in this region had obvious zonality, concentrated in the south. In the past 25 years, the newly added desertification areas were mainly distributed in the central region, accounted for about 58337.26km², accounted for 14.02% of the total area of the region. It also shows the trend that the desertification area expands northward, the desertification areas and the desertification degree gradually intensify. In addition, the desertification of the region has been accompanied by the rehabilitation of part of the land, but the land rehabilitation capacity lags far behind the desertification process. The application of this knowledge was collected and organized by the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. It can be used to study the risk assessment of desertification in China-Mongolia railway, providing an important basis for preventing sandstorms, floods and other disasters caused by desertification and alleviating the negative impact of desertification.