Bangladesh’s history – pre- and post-independence – is marked by disasters due to myriad natural and other hazards. The country’s proximity to the Bay of Bengal exposes it to tropical cyclones that form over the Indian Ocean before moving northward and making landfall in South Asia. Storms are the disaster the country most frequently experiences. Bangladesh’s river delta terrain and monsoon climate also combine to pose a considerable flood hazard, which is compounded by storm surge. Floods are the second most frequent disaster to hit the country. Other significant hazards include landslides (often associated with storms and floods), earthquakes, extreme temperature events, and epidemics.
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