Surface collapse disasters are mainly divided into three types: karst collapse, goaf collapse and loess collapsibility. The impact range is wide, often sudden, causing serious damage to urban buildings, engineering facilities and people's lives and property. With the increasing social engineering economic activities, the degree of harm is also increasing. Through the study of the distribution, occurrence mechanism and formation regularity of the surface collapse disaster, the purpose of controlling the damage can be achieved.
The distribution of surface collapse in China has a certain time and space regularity. Karst collapse mainly occurs in the karst areas with strong and moderate development of covered carbonate rocks and is widely distributed. Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Hebei and other provinces are the main distribution areas. The collapse of karst in South China is more and stronger, and North China is relatively less and weaker.
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