Tsunami conditions and inducing factors

The generation of tsunami needs to satisfy the following three conditions:

Deep sea

Because only the deep sea has a huge body of water. The seawater fluctuates violently due to the dynamics of seismic waves, forming strong waves, advancing forward and submerging the coastal areas one by one.

Large earthquakes, etc.

When an earthquake or volcanic eruption occurs at the bottom of the sea, the strata on the bottom of the sea break, and part of the strata suddenly rise or sink suddenly, resulting in violent "shaking" of the entire water layer from the bottom of the sea to the surface. This "shaking" is quite different from the usual waves. Waves generally fluctuate only near the sea surface, and the depth involved is not large, the amplitude of the wave decays rapidly with the depth of the water. The sea water "shaking" caused by the submarine earthquake is the fluctuation of the whole water body from the bottom to the sea surface, so the energy contained is amazing.

Open and gradually shallower coastal conditions

Tsunami occurs when a large number of seawater is suddenly displaced or transferred due to crustal deformation caused by seabed earthquakes, etc. When the seabed is suddenly distorted, the water level will be offset vertically and the tsunami will occur. Tsunami occurs when a large number of seawater is suddenly displaced or transferred due to crustal deformation caused by seabed earthquakes, etc., When the seabed distorted suddenly, which shifts the water level vertically, causing a tsunami. This is the case with deep-sea seabed earthquakes. When an earthquake occurs, the crustal plates will squeeze or separate each other, so a large area of the seabed will suddenly rise or fall, and the sea water in this area will suddenly rise or fall and deviate from its equilibrium position. Under the influence of gravity, large quantities of sea water will form waves, then tsunamis will form. Vertical motion of the seabed caused by submarine earthquakes generally occurs at the boundary of the crustal plate. At the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, the compression of thick Oceanic and continental plates can cause tsunamis very easily.

The main factors inducing tsunami are: submarine earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, celestial bodies falling, underwater explosions (nuclear explosions).