Refers to the number of houses (including land reclamation enterprises, state-owned forest farms and overseas Chinese farmers' collapsed houses) which have to be demolished and rebuilt due to the collapses of walls above or above the houses, collapse of roofs or collapses and ruins of houses. The natural room as a unit of calculation, do not count independent kitchen, livestock shed and other auxiliary space, activity room, shed, simple house and temporary housing; due to serious damage, can not repair the pasture tents, according to 3 per calculation.
The main factors affecting the magnitude of natural disaster loss are the catastrophic intensity and frequency - the greater the catastrophic intensity, the frequencyThe higher the damage, the greater the loss; the second is the number and vulnerability of the affected body - generally the more the number of victims, the higher the value, the greater the vulnerability, the greater the loss of disaster; Third, disaster prevention or disaster reduction effective Degree - the general disaster prevention ability is stronger, the disaster reduction effectiveness is higher, the disaster loss is smaller. Therefore, the basic model of natural disaster loss assessment is:
\(S(ch)=CG·s1\)
In the formula, s (ch) is the disaster loss, CG is the value of the disaster victim, S1 is the loss rate.
Calculation of disaster losses, the most critical is the loss rate determination. The loss rate is a composite indicator, which on the one hand is associated with natural disasters .
And on the other hand, it is related to the vulnerability of the affected body.
Vulnerability, also known as vulnerability, refers to the disaster in a certain disaster conditions under the resilience of the body and the extent of damage.
The impact of the disaster affected by the body, the response is very different: can be basically intact, still have
Loss of function, and value; partial destruction of the function and value; complete destruction of biological death, loss, destruction of engineering facilities, material loss, decay, complete loss of function and value of facilities and equipment . The damage of different kinds of disaster bodies is different in different types and different intensity disasters, and the key factor of different disaster losses is the vulnerability of the disaster victims.
Vulnerability is a complex problem, both with the natural disaster
intensity and mode of action, but also with the affected body
The nature of the structure and structure of the disaster and
the environmental conditions. This study is a weak link,
at present only the affected area of the
earthquake affected by vulnerability of the more thorough study,
the following will be an example of the loss rate of accounting.
Due to the intensity of earthquakes in different areas, the types and vulnerability of the affected bodies are different, and the disaster mechanism and disaster process are also different.
Therefore, the determination of regional loss rate of earthquake disaster is complex and difficult. Although many experts at home and abroad have carried on a lot of research for many years, it is still a difficult problem. The most criticalproblem is that it is difficult to accurately determine the average loss rate of the earthquake.
Source: Atlas of China's Natural Disaster System
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