Introduction
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) is a non-governmental, scientific organization, established in 1919.IUGG is one of the 40 scientific Unions and Associations presently grouped within the International Science Council (ISC).IUGG is dedicated to the international promotion and coordination of scientific studies of Earth (physical, chemical, and mathematical) and its environment in space. These studies include the shape of the Earth, its gravitational and magnetic fields, the dynamics of the Earth as a whole and of its component parts, the Earth's internal structure, composition and tectonics, earthquakes and elastic wave propagation, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation, the hydrological cycle including snow and ice, all aspects of the oceans, the atmosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations, and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets. IUGG encourages the application of this knowledge to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental preservation.IUGG is comprised of eight semi-autonomous Associations, each responsible for a specific range of topics or themes within the overall scope of Union activities. In addition, IUGG establishes inter-Association Commissions, and relationships with several other scientific bodies with similar interests.IUGG holds General Assemblies at four-year intervals, and each of its Associations organize Scientific Assemblies as well as topical symposia in the intervening period between General Assemblies. IUGG is committed to the principle of free exchange of data and knowledge among nations, and encourages unreserved scientific participation by all peoples.The official languages of the Union are French and English.
