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Application of remote sensing technology in the investigation of geological hazards

2018-09-05  |   Editor : houguangbing  
Category : TechnologyProducts

Analysis of geological disaster remote sensing survey

1, the background of the investigation and research

The results show that the main causes of the genetic background of geological disasters are as follows: ① precipitation in time; ② annual average precipitation; ③ the slope of the ground; ④ loose bulk thickness and distribution; ⑤ tectonic development level; ⑥ vegetation development status; ⑦ human engineering activity level.

Because meteorological satellites can monitor rainfall intensity and precipitation in real time, terrestrial resources satellites not only have a comprehensive and systematic ability to investigate surface features,but also their infrared band and microwave band have the role of investigation and analysis of the characteristics of underground shallow features. Therefore, in the above eight factors in the background of the disaster,The first and second factors can be investigated by meteorological satellite and ground hydrological observation station.The factors can be identified by terrestrial resource satellites and appropriate field survey data.

The use of remote sensing technology to effectively investigate and study geological disasters is a geological hazard investigation of the most basic and most important work content.

2, geological disasters, the status quo investigation and zoning

Geological hazards as a special bad geological phenomenon, whether it is landslide, collapse, debris flow and other disaster individuals, or by the combination of the formation of disaster groups.In the scale of the earthquake disaster, the size of geological disasters (eg:collision, slippery and mud), Morphological characteristics and inbreeding characteristics, are directly from the remote sensing image interpretation delineation. Thus, the target area has occurred in the geological hazards and geological hazards hidden point of a comprehensive system to investigate their points,Scale, formation reasons, development characteristics, development trends and harmfulness and influencing factors through remote sensing interpretation of geological disasters. On this basis, to realize geological hazard zoning, divide the geological disaster prone area, assess the degree of easy development, and prevent geological hazards, thus the establishment of geological disaster monitoring network provides basic information.

3, dynamic monitoring and early warning of geological disasters

The occurrence of geological disasters is slow and peristaltic geological bodies (such as landslides, etc.), from quantitative to qualitative changing process. Under normal circumstances,the peristaltic rate of the geological disaster is small and stable, but it will increase suddenly when the disaster comes.

As the global satellite positioning system (GPS) differential accuracy of millimeter level, to meet the accuracy requirements for peristaltic disaster monitoring.

Therefore, the use of satellite positioning system can be the whole process of dynamic monitoring of geological disasters,On this basis, it can be used to effectively predict geological disasters, forecast even proclaims and alerts.

4, disaster real-time (quasi-real) investigation and loss assessment

The destruction of geological disasters includes personnel and livestock casualties, villages, industrial and mining, traffic arteries, bridges, hydraulic construction or other property losses and land, forests, waters and other natural resources. Using remote sensing technology for geological disaster investigation,in addition to personnel and livestock casualties can not be statistics, the destruction of engineering facilities and natural resources can realize real-time or quasi-real-time investigation and assessment, providing accurate basis for disaster relief work .

5, the geological disaster remote sensing survey of the main problems still exist

(1)Remote sensing technology has not been widely used. In the geological disaster investigation team, the current remote sensing technology is relatively unfamiliar, so it difficult to play its due role in the investigation of geological disasters.

(2)Geological disasters, remote sensing survey work requires more real-time or quasi-real-time remote sensing information source, and this information source is expensive.

It is difficult to get popularization by remote sensing investigation of geological disasters, and it is only limited to geological disasters in key areas and key projects.

(3)The current commonly used remote sensing information source space resolution is small, it is difficult to meet the geological disaster point of the detailed investigation work. As a result, remote sensing technology only widely used in the macro-survey, and in the micro-applied less.

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